Flying economy doesn't mean you have to suffer through cramped seats and mediocre service. Kiplinger outlines six affordable strategies that transform a budget flight into something closer to premium cabin comfort.

The smartest moves start before you board. Booking flights during off-peak times reduces crowds, which means emptier middle seats and a better chance of scoring an upgrade. Choosing red-eye or early-morning departures also tends to cost less and attract fewer passengers. When buying your ticket, select seats near emergency exits. Airlines typically charge $15 to $25 extra for these spots, but you get significantly more legroom without premium pricing.

On the plane itself, bring noise-canceling headphones and a neck pillow. These items cost $30 to $300 depending on quality, but they dramatically improve sleep and comfort on longer flights. Download entertainment before takeoff so you're not stuck watching the airline's limited in-flight options.

Dress for comfort rather than style. Wearing loose clothing, compression socks, and slip-on shoes makes hours in a seat far more tolerable. Avoid alcohol and caffeine before flying. Both increase dehydration and jet lag, making you feel worse during and after the flight.

Finally, arrive early and befriend gate agents. While airlines can't guarantee upgrades to economy passengers, availability exists on many flights. A polite conversation with staff who see hundreds of passengers daily occasionally results in an upgrade to premium economy or business class at no cost, especially if the flight has empty premium seats.

These tactics cost little to nothing and require only planning and awareness. They work best when combined. Book a strategic flight time, choose an exit-row seat, pack smart, and dress for comfort. You'll spend less than a business-class ticket while enjoying significantly more comfort than a standard economy experience.